Monarchowie w teście Life in the UK

William the Conqueror (William I)

Dynastia:

Normandy

Znany/a z:

Defeated the Saxon King Harold at the Battle of Hastings (1066); ordered the Domesday Book survey and first built the Tower of London.

Panowanie / okres:

1066

King John

Dynastia:

—

Znany/a z:

Forced by his noblemen to agree to Magna Carta (1215), establishing that even the king is subject to the law.

Panowanie / okres:

1215

Edward I

Dynastia:

—

Znany/a z:

His Statute of Rhuddlan (1284) annexed Wales to the English Crown; built the castles of Conwy and Caernarvon to hold it.

Panowanie / okres:

1284

Richard III

Dynastia:

York

Znany/a z:

Last king of the House of York; killed at the Battle of Bosworth Field (1485), ending the Wars of the Roses.

Panowanie / okres:

1485

Henry VII

Dynastia:

Tudor

Znany/a z:

First Tudor king; married Elizabeth of York, uniting the houses of Lancaster and York (the Tudor rose).

Panowanie / okres:

1485

Henry VIII

Dynastia:

Tudor

Znany/a z:

Married six times and broke with the Church of Rome to found the Church of England after the Pope refused his divorce.

Panowanie / okres:

1500s

Mary I ('Bloody Mary')

Dynastia:

Tudor

Znany/a z:

Daughter of Henry VIII and a devout Catholic who persecuted Protestants, earning the nickname 'Bloody Mary'.

Panowanie / okres:

1500s

Elizabeth I

Dynastia:

Tudor

Znany/a z:

Protestant queen in whose reign England defeated the Spanish Armada (1588); died in 1603 with no children.

Panowanie / okres:

1588–1603

James I (James VI of Scots)

Dynastia:

Stuart

Znany/a z:

Succeeded Elizabeth I in 1603, uniting the crowns; commissioned the King James (Authorised) Version of the Bible.

Panowanie / okres:

1603

Charles I

Dynastia:

Stuart

Znany/a z:

Believed in the Divine Right of Kings; lost the Civil War to Parliament and was executed in 1649, after which England became a republic.

Panowanie / okres:

1642–1649

James II

Dynastia:

Stuart

Znany/a z:

Deposed in the Glorious Revolution (1688) and defeated at the Battle of the Boyne (1690); fled to France.

Panowanie / okres:

1688

William III (William of Orange)

Dynastia:

Orange

Znany/a z:

Took the throne in the Glorious Revolution and defeated James II at the Battle of the Boyne (1690).

Panowanie / okres:

1688

George II

Dynastia:

—

Znany/a z:

The last British monarch to lead his army into battle (Dettingen, 1743); his army defeated Bonnie Prince Charlie at Culloden (1746).

Panowanie / okres:

1743–1746

Queen Victoria

Dynastia:

—

Znany/a z:

Became queen in 1837 aged 18 and reigned almost 64 years to 1901; introduced the Victoria Cross; the British Empire was at its height.

Panowanie / okres:

1837–1901