Dokumenty i akty konstytucyjne: co wprowadził każdy
Zjednoczone Królestwo nie ma jednej spisanej konstytucji — zamiast tego kilka kart i ustaw z niemal 800 lat, od Magna Carta (1215) po Human Rights Act (1998), określa prawa obywateli, unię i to, kto może głosować. Tabela zestawia te, o które pyta test Life in the UK, z tym, co każda z nich wprowadziła, byś mógł ułożyć je na osi czasu lub pogrupować według tego, co zmieniły. Łatwe do pomylenia: dwa akty unii (Szkocja 1707, Irlandia 1800) i dwa Reform Acts (1832 i 1867).
Widok:
| Dokument / akt | Rok | Co wprowadził | Obszar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Magna Carta | 1215 | Established that even the king was subject to the law. | Rights & rule of law |
| Habeas Corpus Act | 1679 | No one can be held prisoner unlawfully — every prisoner has a right to a court hearing. | Rights & rule of law |
| Bill of Rights | 1689 | Confirmed Parliament's rights and the limits of the king's power; the monarch must be a Protestant and cannot raise taxes or keep an army without Parliament's agreement. | Rights & rule of law |
| Act of Union (Scotland) | 1707 | Created the Kingdom of Great Britain — England, Wales and Scotland; Scotland kept its own legal system and Presbyterian Church. | Union |
| Act of Union (Ireland) | 1800 | United Great Britain and Ireland; the Union Flag added the cross of St Patrick. | Union |
| Reform Act 1832 | 1832 | Abolished the old rotten and pocket boroughs and gave more parliamentary seats to towns and cities, greatly widening who could vote. | Voting & Parliament |
| Reform Act 1867 | 1867 | Created more urban seats and reduced the property qualification for voting. | Voting & Parliament |
| Human Rights Act | 1998 | Incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights — which the UK helped draft and signed in 1950 — into UK law, so government, public bodies and courts must follow it. | Rights & rule of law |
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Ćwicz ten tematŹródła: Life in the UK verified question bank — backend/data/questions_batch1-8.json. Question ids: 15, 29, 30, 74, 82, 98, 169, 187, 246, 248, 278, 293, 328, 403, 426, 438, 567.